Gas chromatography is a phrase used to describe the group of analytical separation techniques used to analyse volatile substances in the gas phase. In gas chromatography, the elements of a sample are dissolved in a solvent and vaporized in order to separate the analytes by dispersing the sample between two stages: a stationary phase and a mobile phase. The mobile phase is a chemically inert gas which serves to carry the molecules of the analyte during the heated column. Gas chromatography is one of the only forms of chromatography that doesn’t use the mobile stage for interacting with the analyte. The stationary phase is a good adsorbent, termed gas-solid chromatography, or a liquid in an inert support, termed gas-liquid chromatography.
In early 1900s, Gas chromatography GC was detected by Mikhail Semenov ich Stet for a separation technique to different compounds. In organic chemistry, liquid-solid column chromatography is often utilized to separate organic compounds in solution. Among the various forms of gas chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography is the method most frequently utilized to separate organic compounds. The combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry is an invaluable tool in the identification of molecules. A normal gas chromatograph consists of an injection port, a column, carrier gas flow control equipment, heaters and ovens for keeping temperatures of the injection port and the column, an integrator chart recorder and a sensor.
To separate the chemicals in gas chromatography, a solution sample That contains organic compounds of interest is injected into the sample port where it will be vaporized. The vaporized samples that are injected are subsequently carried by an inert gas, which is frequently employed by either helium or nitrogen. This inert gas goes through a glass column packed with silica that is coated with a liquid. Materials which are less soluble in the liquid will raise the results quicker than the material with increased solubility. The purpose of the module is to give a better grasp on its own separation and measurement methods and its application. In GLC, the liquid stationary phase is adsorbed on a solid inert packing or immobilized on the capillary tubing walls. The column is deemed packed if the metal or glass column tubing is full of little spherical inert supports. The liquid phase adsorbs on the surface of the beads in a thin layer.